The Soul of an Octopus: A Surprising Exploration into the Wonder of Consciousness by Sy Montgomery
The Soul of an Octopus: A Surprising Exploration into the Wonder of Consciousness by Sy Montgomery

Science · 2015

The Soul of an Octopus: A Surprising Exploration into the Wonder of Consciousness review

by Sy Montgomery

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The verdict

Sy Montgomery is a naturalist and author who began spending time at the New England Aquarium to get to know a giant Pacific octopus named Athena.

Best for readers comfortable with technical depth. Reading time: 4h 20m.

The Soul of an Octopus: A Surprising Exploration into the Wonder of Consciousness by Sy Montgomery
The Soul of an Octopus: A Surprising Exploration into the Wonder of Consciousness by Sy Montgomery

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What it argues

Sy Montgomery is a naturalist and author who began spending time at the New England Aquarium to get to know a giant Pacific octopus named Athena. The Soul of an Octopus is what she found there over several years: not a scientific monograph on cephalopod cognition but a personal account of developing relationships with individual octopuses, each with a distinct personality, and what those encounters opened up about consciousness, connection, and death.

The book follows four octopuses in sequence — Athena, Octavia, Kali, and Karma — and the aquarium staff and volunteers who cared for them. Montgomery learns to touch and be touched by the animals, describes the way different individuals respond differently to the same handling, and traces the brief, vivid span of an octopus life from the curiosity of a young animal to the decline that precedes death. The writing is warm and specific, rooted in observation rather than abstraction. She is not making a formal scientific argument; she is reporting what she saw and felt.

What it gets right

  1. 1.

    Individual octopuses have distinct personalities — some bold, some shy, some playful, some aloof — that aquarium staff recognize reliably across years of handling.

  2. 2.

    Octopus arms contain two-thirds of their neurons and can act semi-autonomously, tasting and gripping and exploring without direct instruction from the central brain.

  3. 3.

    An octopus can recognize individual human faces and respond differently to different people, even when those people are dressed identically.

What it covers

Who wrote it

Sy Montgomery is an American naturalist, author, and documentary scriptwriter who has worked in the field on six continents and in three oceans. She is the author of more than thirty books for adults and children, including The Good Good Pig, Birdology, and Tamed and Untamed. Her work has appeared in Orion, Discover, and The Boston Globe Sunday Magazine. She lives in New Hampshire with her husband, the writer Howard Mansfield, and various farm animals. The Soul of an Octopus was a National Book Award finalist in 2015.

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