What it argues
Thomas Ricks was the Pentagon correspondent for the Washington Post when he wrote Fiasco, and the book reflects years of direct access to the military officials, planners, and soldiers involved in the Iraq War. Published in 2006, while the war was still ongoing, it was immediately controversial: its central argument is that the Iraq invasion and occupation were not merely unfortunate but the product of specific, identifiable failures of planning, strategy, and leadership that could have been avoided.
Ricks traces the disaster from its roots in the neoconservative ambition to remake the Middle East, through the intelligence manipulations that built the case for invasion, to the occupation decisions that transformed a military victory into a political catastrophe. He argues that the decision to invade was made with minimal serious analysis of what would follow — that senior military and civilian leadership simply assumed the post-Saddam political vacuum would fill itself. The disbanding of the Iraqi army by L. Paul Bremer in May 2003, against the advice of most military commanders on the ground, appears in the book as a defining moment: it created a large, armed, unemployed population with every reason to join an insurgency.
What it gets right
- 1.
The decision to invade Iraq was made without serious planning for the post-Saddam political vacuum. Senior leadership assumed the situation would manage itself.
- 2.
Disbanding the Iraqi army in May 2003 was the single most consequential occupation decision. It created hundreds of thousands of armed, unemployed men with grievances and organizational experience.
- 3.
The intelligence used to build the public case for invasion was shaped to support a predetermined conclusion. The dissents within the intelligence community were suppressed rather than adjudicated.
What it covers
Who wrote it
Thomas E. Ricks spent more than two decades covering the American military for the Wall Street Journal and the Washington Post, winning two Pulitzer Prizes for national reporting. Fiasco and its follow-up The Gamble are among the most cited accounts of the Iraq War. He has also written The Generals, a history of American military leadership, and Churchill and Orwell. Ricks is a senior fellow at the Foreign Policy Initiative and writes regularly about military affairs. He has embedded with American forces in multiple conflict zones.